PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Present Perfect Tense adalah bentuk tense yang menunjukkan hubungan antara masa sekarang dengan masa lalu. Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu tindakan yang dimulai dimasa lalu dan memiliki dampak atau akibat sampai saat ini.
Present perfect tense dibentuk dengan manambahkan has atau have dan mengubah kata kerja menjadi verb3.
Has untuk subjek tunggal, he, she, it.
Have untuk objek jamak, I, you, they, we.
Contoh kalimat:
Oil price has risen since last years. (Harga minyak naik sejak tahun lalu.)
Risen merupakan bentuk kata kerja ke tiga(verb3) dari rise yang berarti naik.
Kalimat positif / Statement
Rumus: Subject + has/have + verb 3
Contoh kalimat:
I have eaten (saya sudah makan)
You have read that book (saya sudah membaca buku tersebut)
They have listened to that explanation (saya sudah mendengarkan penjelasan tersebut)
We have submitted the homework (saya sudah mengirimkan PR tersebut)
She has arrived (dia sudah tiba)
He has uploaded the video (di sudah mengunggah video)
It has finished (itu sudah selesai)
Kalimat negative
Kalimat negative dibentuk dengan menambahkan not setelah have/ has.
Rumus: Subject + has/have + verb 3
Contoh kalimat:
I have not got my salary. (Aku belum dapat gaji.)
She has not arrived yet. (DIa masih belum datang juga.)
It hasn’t finished yet. (itu masih belum selesai)
Note:
Have not bisa disingkat haven’t dan has not disingkat hasn’t.
Kalimat Tanya
Kalimat negative dibentuk dengan memindahkan have/has di awal kalimat kemudian ditambahkan kalimat tanya (question mark).
Rumus : Have/has + subject + verb 3 + ?
Contoh kalimat lain:
Have you eaten? (apakah kamu sudah makan?)
Have you been here? (apakah kamu pernah ke sini?)
Have you tried? (apakah kamu pernah coba?)
Where have you been? (Kemana saja kamu?)
Have we met? (apakah kita pernah bertemu?)
Note:
been adalah V3 dari am/is/are
Sebaiknya kamu pelajari: Penggunaan since, for, still, already dan yet
Soal Latihan
Kerjakan latihan berikut dengan menambahkan have/has + V3
Example: Amy (eat) _____ _______ lunch already.
Amy has eaten lunch already.
1) Mark (eat) _______ ________ dinner already. He is not hungry.
2) Beth (write) _______ ________ three letters today. She misses her family.
3) Yoko and Armand (take) _______ ________ the test. Now they can relax.
4) Marty and I (be) _______ ________ to Costa Rica three times. We are familiar with the culture.
5) I (drink) _______ _______ six cups of water today.
6) Eva (sing) _______ ________ in a chorus before. Her voice is pretty.
7) Chong-Li (get) _______ ________ very good at speaking English. She has practiced a lot.
8) Lucy (hide) _______ ________ in the woods. Now her friends will try to find her.
9) It (be) _______ ________ a good week so far.
10) You (show) ________ _________ that you are a hard worker. Good job!
11) Daisy (wear) _______ _________ a dress to work every day this week.
12) Mr. Lee (drive) _______ ________ from Texas to Iowa for the conference. He needs to get some rest before it starts.
13) Juan (ride) _______ ________ horses since he was a little boy. It is easy for him.
14) Mr. and Mrs. Sanchez (become) _______ ________ grandparents. Their daughter, Josefina, had a baby yesterday.
15) The movie (begin) _______ _______. Please be quiet!
Pembahasan Selanjutnya: Present Continuous Tense